こだわり人物伝 項羽
若き英雄
紀元前210年、不老不死の願いがかなわなかった始皇帝がなくなり、二世皇帝が擁立されたが、あくる年、大規模うな農民一揆が起こり、その中頭角を現した項羽もその一人。
紀元前２３２年、宿遷（今の中国江蘇省）で生まれた項羽は若い頃、名門の出に引き換え、勉強が苦手だから、それを心配する叔父の項梁が剣術を習わせたが、項羽は「剣を身に着けたとしても一人相手に勝てるに過ぎない」とこれを拒み、「一人を制する剣術より、万人を制する兵法を学びたい」と叔父に頼んだ。日々の研鑽をつみ、、紀元前２０８年、熊心（旧楚国の末裔）を王として即位させた。王と言ってもただの操り人形、実質上の覇主は項羽であった。この時、項羽は２４歳だった。
同時に項羽にはもう一人の強敵がいた。同じ楚地出身の劉邦である。若い頃がぶらぶらしてたならず者だったが、かろうじで小役人になり、農民一揆の追い風に乗り、大活躍した。
鴻門の会
同じ秦打倒という志を抱く二人には勝負する運命から免れなかった。
紀元前２０６年、現在陝西省に位置する鴻門を取った項羽が宴を催し、劉邦を招いた。無論、肉を食うより、劉邦を食うという企みが潜んだ罠の仕掛けられた宴会だった。酒宴の最中、何回も劉邦を刺す機会が訪れた。しかし、虎のごとく勇猛で戦う項羽は劉邦の才を惜しみ、なかなか手が出せずにいた。
策士の范増が玉玦(ぎょくけつ；玉石の環、玦は「決」に通じる)を持ち上げ、目くばせし、合図を送ったものの、項羽は一向に反応しなかった。
見かねたいとこの項荘が剣を手にし「酒だけじゃ物足りない、私が踊って座を盛り上げよう」と剣舞を始めた。険悪な空気を感じた叔父の項伯も立ち上げ、相手にしてやった。裏切り者が出るとは誰も思わなかったが、実は項伯はすでに劉邦と姻戚関係を結ぶ約束をしたからだ。
その時、事態の深刻さに気付いた部下の樊噲が宴に突入、勝手に座り込み、項羽を睨み付けた。「壮士」と驚嘆の声を上げた項羽が樊噲に肉を出した。盾をまな板にし、肉の塊をその上に載せ、豪快に剣で切り刻み平らげたところ、厠（トイレ）にかこつけて劉邦が逃げ出した。
四面楚歌
あれから四年後、両陣営が抗争を繰り返し、次第に優位に立つようになった劉邦が項羽を追い詰め、垓下（今中国安徽省北部）の要塞に籠った項羽軍を取り込んだ。ついに糧も尽き果てた夜、外から故郷の歌が一斉に歌いだされた。
これを聞いた項羽軍は郷愁にかられ、すっかり闘志を失い、それに唱和した。一方、項羽は帳の中で愛する女の虞美人と酒を飲み、こう歌った。
力拔山兮氣蓋世。山を抜く力、世を覆う勢い
時不利兮騅不逝。天運が尽き、愛馬も疲れ果てて走れない
騅不逝兮可奈何！愛馬が走れないのをもはやどうする事もできない
虞兮虞兮奈若何！愛しい虞美人よ、君の事を一体どうすれば良いのか
悲しい気持ちを抑え、虞美人も歌に合わせ、共に踊ったが、その場の兵士一同皆泣き、仰ぐことができなかった。
決心がついた項羽が虞美人を連れ、囲みを破り、潔く郊外で自害し、楚漢抗争の幕を閉じた。
Xiang Yu
Young Hero
210 BCE. First emperor of China Ying Zheng passed away. His son became second emperor .also the second emperor of China.the following year.
rebellions occurred in various places. There were a man stand out as one of leaders called”Xiang Yu”。
While he was young ,he was not good at studying, it made his uncle worried and tried to teach him swordsmanship. but he refused and said” learning
swordsmanship can only beat one opponent, it’s not worth learning。
Uncle, teach me military strategy. using strategy can defeat thousand and ten thousand enemies”
208 BCE. Xiang Yu support the descendant of Chu(a kingdom destroyed by Qin dynasty )became the King. but it was just a puppet government controlled by him. this year, Xiang Yu was 24 years old.
Simultaneously there were another hero appear on the historical stage.
His name is Liu Bang,who established Han dynasty .
The way to call Chinese characters “Kan ji” also came form the era.When Liu Bang was young ,he was nothing but just a punk. wasted time on gambling and drinking.
when he was 34,became a officer and joined the war against Qin government .
two man have the same goal ,it also means they cant run away from the destiny of fighting to each other.
Feast
While Xiang Yu noticed Liu Bang became his biggest opponent.
Decided having a Feast ,invited Liu Bang and find a chance to kill him.
There were many chances came since the Feast started. But Xiang Yu didn’t
carry out his plan. his man took up a Jade(in Chinese it sounds like “decide”)to imply him “DO IT＂，but he was still hesitate to kill another hero.
suddenly, his cousin stand up with his sword and said ”it’s too boring that we only drinking ,let me dance with my sword.and starting the dance.
everything looks so fishy, Fan Kuai.the subordinate of Liu Bang heard it
and broke into the party. Sit down and stared at Xiang Yu.
Xiang Yu were impressed by his courage and give him a chunk of meat.
Fan Kuai took out his sword to cut it and eat.
at the same time. Liu Bang pretend to go to toilet and escaped back to his camp.
Final Battle
4 years later , Liu Bang keep fighting with Xiang Yu. Finally surround him at a little fort.
Even the foods almost running out. nobody giving up.but one night,
soldiers heard a song from outside.
“Its the song of our hometown !!”
It made them got homesick. and started singing with it.
Xiang Yu also was one of them who heard the song.
He thought most of man from his town already surrendered to Liu Bang,and its time for him leave the stage of history.
He called his loved women Yu JI.
After drinking, Xiang Yu sang:
力拔山兮氣蓋世。
時不利兮騅不逝。
騅不逝兮可奈何！
虞兮虞兮奈若何！
I’m the one who used to controlled the world.
Strong enough to pull down the mountain .
But my good fortune already gone.
What I gonna do after my horse cant run anymore?
What my women gonna do after I died?
Yu JI also sang with him. everyone kept in silence and spent the last moment with their lord.
After they finished drinking . Xiang Yu killed himself and Finished the era of struggle.
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